{"id":2051,"date":"2023-10-19T05:30:43","date_gmt":"2023-10-19T05:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/?p=2051"},"modified":"2024-09-25T04:46:59","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T04:46:59","slug":"civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/","title":{"rendered":"Konsep Hukum Perdata pada Obligasi dan Beberapa Jenis Obligasi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t

Konsep Hukum Perdata pada Obligasi dan Beberapa Jenis Obligasi<\/span><\/h4>
Secara umum, Obligasi dapat dipahami sebagai surat utang berjangka menengah atau berjangka panjang yang dapat dipindahtangankan yang berisi janji dari penerbit Oblogasi (Debitor) untuk membayar imbalan berupa bunga pada periode tertentu dan melunasi pokok utang pada waktu yang telah ditentukan kepada pihak pembeli Obligasi (Kreditor\/Investor) tersebut (Bursa Efek Indonesia, 2010).<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Definisi Obligasi atau dalam Bahasa Inggris disebut dengan bond juga dapat dilihat pada Black\u2019s Law Dictionary 6th Edition (1990: 178) sebagai berikut:<\/span>th<\/span> Edition (1990: 178) as follow:<\/span><\/p>

\u201c<\/span>A certificate or evidence of a debt on which the issuing company or governmental body promises to pay to bondholders a specified amount of interest for a specified length of time, and to repay the loan on the expiration date. A long term debt instrument that promises to pay the lender a series of periodic interest payments in addition to returning the principal at maturity. In every case a bond represent debt \u2015 its holder is a creditor of the corporation and not a part owner as is the shareholder. Commonly, bonds are secured by a mortgage.<\/span><\/i>\u201d<\/span><\/p>

Konsep dasar hukum yang dipakai dalam obligasi di Indonesia adalah perikatan, yaitu adanya janji dari pihak penerbit kepada pihak pembeli obligasi untuk mengembalikan sejumlah uang yang telah dikeluarkan oleh pembeli obligasi tersebut dalam waktu tertentu dan ditambah dengan imbalan berupa bunga yang cara pembayarannya ditetapkan pada awal perikatan.<\/span><\/p>

Konsep sebagai mana dimaksud di atas diatur dalam ketentuan Pasal 1268 KUHPerdata sebagai berikut:<\/span><\/p>

“Apa yang harus dibayar pada waktu yang ditentukan itu, tidak dapat ditagih sebelum waktu itu tiba; tetapi apa yang telah dibayar sebelum waktu itu, tak dapat diminta kembali.<\/em><\/span><\/p>

Dari konsep dasar tersebut, syarat dan ketentuan obligasi berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan dunia usaha, yang menjadikan obligasi terklasifikasi menjadi beberapa jenis.<\/span><\/p>

Obligasi dapat dibedakan dari sisi penerbit, bunga, hak opsi, jaminan, nominal, dan imbal hasilnya (Bursa Efek Indonesia, 2010). Dari sisi penerbitnya, obligasi dapat dibedakan menjadi 3 (tiga), yaitu:<\/span><\/p>

  1. Obligasi Pemerintah (government bonds), yaitu obligasi yang diterbitkan oleh pemerintah suatu negara untuk membiayai kebutuhan-kebutuhan pemerintahan negara tersebut, yang telah ditetapkan dalam suatu anggaran tahunan negara.<\/span><\/li>
  2. Obligasi Perusahaan (company bonds), yaitu obligasi yang diterbitkan oleh suatu badan usaha yang bertujuan untuk membiayai kebutuhan usaha perusahaan tersebut.<\/span><\/li>
  3. Obligasi Pemerintah Daerah (municipal bonds), yaitu obligasi yang diterbitkan oleh pemerintah daerah suatu negara yang tujuannya untuk membiayai kebutuhan pemerintah daerah setempat untuk pembangunan daerahnya.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

    Jika dilihat dari sistem pembayaran bunganya, obligasi dapat dibedakan menjadi:<\/span><\/p>

    1. Coupon Bonds, yaitu obligasi dengan kupon yang dapat diberikan secara periodik sesuai dengan ketentuan yang diberikan oleh penerbitnya.<\/span><\/li>
    2. Fixed Coupon Bonds, yaitu obligasi dengan tingkat bunga tetap yang dibayarkan secara periodik.<\/span><\/li>
    3. Floating Coupon Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang tingkat bunganya ditentukan sesuai dengan acuan (benchmark) tertentu, misalnya suku bunga rata-rata deposito bank pemerintah.<\/span><\/li>
    4. Zero Coupon Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang dikeluarkan tanpa pembayaran bunga secara periodic, tetapi sekaligus pada saat jatuh tempo.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

      Apabila dilihat dari hak penukaran\/opsi, obligasi terbagi atas:<\/span><\/p>

      1. Convertible Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang memberikan hak kepada pemegang obligasi untuk mengkonversi menjadi saham penerbitnya apabila pada saat jatuh tempo, penerbit obligasi tidak dapat mengembalikan nilai pokok obligasi tersebut. <\/span><\/li>
      2. Exchangeable Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang memberikan hak kepada pemegang obligasi untuk menukar saham perusahaan ke dalam sejumlah saham perusahaan afiliasi milik penerbitnya.<\/span><\/li>
      3. Callable Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang memberikan hak kepada emiten untuk membeli kembali obligasi pada harga tertentu sepanjang jangka waktu obligasi tersebut.<\/span><\/li>
      4. Putable Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang memberikan hak kepada investor yang mengharuskan emiten untuk membeli kembali obligasi pada harga tertentu sepanjang jangka waktu obligasi tersebut.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

        Dilihat dari sisi jaminannya, obligasi dapat dibedakan menjadi:<\/span><\/p>

        1. Secured Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang dijamin dengan aset tertentu dari penerbitnya atau jaminan lain yang diberikan oleh pihak ketiga. Secured bonds dapat dibagi lagi menjadi 3 (tiga), yaitu:<\/span>
          1. Guaranteed Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang pelunasan bunga dan pokoknya dijamin dengan penanggungan dari pihak ketiga.<\/span><\/li>
          2. Mortgage Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang pelunasan bunga dan pokoknya dijamin dengan agunan hipotik atas properti atau aset tetap.<\/span><\/li>
          3. Collateral Trust Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang dijamin<\/span><\/i> dengan efek yang dimiliki penerbit dalam portofolionya, misalnya saham-saham anak perusahaan yang dimilikinya.<\/span><\/i><\/li><\/ol><\/li>
          4. Unsecured Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang tidak dijamin dengan aset tertentu, tetapi hanya dijamin dengan kekayaan penerbitnya secara umum.<\/span><\/i><\/li><\/ol>

            Dilihat dari sisi nominalnya, obligasi terbagi atas:<\/span><\/p>

            1. Conventional Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang biasanya diperjualbelikan dalam satu nominal, misalnya Rp 1 Miliar per satu lot.<\/span><\/li>
            2. Retail Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang diperjualbelikan dalam satuan nominal yang kecil, baik corporate bonds maupun government bonds.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

              Dilihat dari sisi imbal hasilnya, obligasi terbagi atas:<\/span><\/p>

              1. Konvensional Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang menggunakan sistem perhitungan kupon bunga secara persentase.<\/span><\/li>
              2. Sharia\u2019 Bonds, yaitu obligasi yang menggunakan perhitungan bagi hasil, yang terdiri dari:<\/span><\/i>
                1. Obligasi syariah mudharabah, yaitu obligasi syariah yang menggunakan akad bagi hasil berdasarkan pendapatan yang diterima oleh emiten.<\/span><\/li>
                2. Obligasi syariah ijarah, yaitu obligasi syariah yang menggunakan akad sewa, sehingga imbal hasilnya bersifat tetap dan bisa diperhitungkan diawal pada saat obligasi diterbitkan.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol>

                  Bagi investor, obligasi memiliki karakteristik tersendiri yang membedakannya dari produk-produk investasi lain, yaitu:<\/span><\/p>

                  1. Nilai nominal (principal value), yaitu nilai pokok yang tercantum dalam obligasi tersebut, yang harus dikembalikan oleh penerbit kepada pemegang obligasi pada saat jatuh tempo.<\/span><\/li>
                  2. Kupon (yield), yaitu bunga yang diterima oleh pemegang obligasi yang biasanya diberikan secara periodik sebagai nilai tambah atas investasinya pada obligasi tersebut.<\/span><\/li>
                  3. Jatuh tempo (maturity), yaitu tanggal dimana obligasi tersebut berakhir dan penerbit wajib membayarkan nilai nominal obligasi kepada pemegang obligasi.<\/span><\/li>
                  4. Penerbit (issuer), yaitu pihak yang membutuhkan dana dengan cara menerbitkan obligasi, yang dalam hal ini bisa pemerintah, perusahaan atau pemerintah daerah.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

                    Penerbitan obligasi dapat memberikan manfaat kepada penerbitnya, antara lain:<\/span><\/p>

                    1. Memperoleh dana yang relatif besar dan dapat diterima sekaligus dalam waktu yang relatif cepat;<\/span><\/li>
                    2. Jangka waktu pengembalian pokoknya panjang;<\/span><\/li>
                    3. Memperlancar aktifitas\/kegiatan usaha penerbit, terutama untuk pengembangan usahanya.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

                      Utang yang timbul dari penerbitan obligasi cenderung dapat lebih dikontrol oleh penerbit.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

                      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t
                      Tags:<\/span><\/h5><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t
                      \n\n
                      <\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t
                      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types Generally, Bonds can be apprehended as transferable medium-term or long-term debt securities which contain a promise from the Bond issuer (Debtor) to pay compensation in the form of interest within a certain period and repay the principal debt at a predetermined time to the Bond buyer […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3619,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[252],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles"],"yoast_head":"\nCivil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types - Dash Advocates<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types - Dash Advocates\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types Generally, Bonds can be apprehended as transferable medium-term or long-term debt securities which contain a promise from the Bond issuer (Debtor) to pay compensation in the form of interest within a certain period and repay the principal debt at a predetermined time to the Bond buyer […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dash Advocates\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-10-19T05:30:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-09-25T04:46:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645-1024x763.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"763\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"M. Darwin Syafii\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Ditulis oleh\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"M. Darwin Syafii\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimasi waktu membaca\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 menit\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"M. Darwin Syafii\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/656d887b669ec390a0a4228b4cab4650\"},\"headline\":\"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-19T05:30:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-25T04:46:59+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/\"},\"wordCount\":1027,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/\",\"name\":\"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types - Dash Advocates\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-19T05:30:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-25T04:46:59+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645.png\",\"width\":1727,\"height\":1286},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/\",\"name\":\"Dash Advocates\",\"description\":\"Attorney, Intellectual Property Consultant Receiver & Administrator, Capital Market Legal Consultant\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"id\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Dash Advocates\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cropped-cropped-Logo-DASH_putih2-1-e1724227953461.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cropped-cropped-Logo-DASH_putih2-1-e1724227953461.png\",\"width\":268,\"height\":87,\"caption\":\"Dash Advocates\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/656d887b669ec390a0a4228b4cab4650\",\"name\":\"M. Darwin Syafii\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93c60647b914b6a617ee5e042a6dedd23a70739b9d20f624f8cecf1e38429994?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93c60647b914b6a617ee5e042a6dedd23a70739b9d20f624f8cecf1e38429994?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"M. Darwin Syafii\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/author\/darwin_syafii\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types - Dash Advocates","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/","og_locale":"id_ID","og_type":"article","og_title":"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types - Dash Advocates","og_description":"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types Generally, Bonds can be apprehended as transferable medium-term or long-term debt securities which contain a promise from the Bond issuer (Debtor) to pay compensation in the form of interest within a certain period and repay the principal debt at a predetermined time to the Bond buyer […]","og_url":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/","og_site_name":"Dash Advocates","article_published_time":"2023-10-19T05:30:43+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-09-25T04:46:59+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":763,"url":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645-1024x763.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"M. Darwin Syafii","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Ditulis oleh":"M. Darwin Syafii","Estimasi waktu membaca":"5 menit"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/"},"author":{"name":"M. Darwin Syafii","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/656d887b669ec390a0a4228b4cab4650"},"headline":"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types","datePublished":"2023-10-19T05:30:43+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-25T04:46:59+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/"},"wordCount":1027,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645.png","articleSection":["Articles"],"inLanguage":"id"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/","url":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/","name":"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types - Dash Advocates","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645.png","datePublished":"2023-10-19T05:30:43+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-25T04:46:59+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"id","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Screenshot-2024-05-07-212645.png","width":1727,"height":1286},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/civil-law-concepts-on-bonds-and-its-several-types\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Civil Law Concepts on Bonds and Its Several Types"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/","name":"Dash Advocates","description":"Attorney, Intellectual Property Consultant Receiver & Administrator, Capital Market Legal Consultant","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"id"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#organization","name":"Dash Advocates","url":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cropped-cropped-Logo-DASH_putih2-1-e1724227953461.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cropped-cropped-Logo-DASH_putih2-1-e1724227953461.png","width":268,"height":87,"caption":"Dash Advocates"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/656d887b669ec390a0a4228b4cab4650","name":"M. Darwin Syafii","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id","@id":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93c60647b914b6a617ee5e042a6dedd23a70739b9d20f624f8cecf1e38429994?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93c60647b914b6a617ee5e042a6dedd23a70739b9d20f624f8cecf1e38429994?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"M. Darwin Syafii"},"url":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/author\/darwin_syafii\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2051"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2051\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3282,"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2051\/revisions\/3282"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3619"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2051"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dash.co.id\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}